Entitlement to rights, benefits, or legal standing requires meeting specific, often codified, requisites. These vary based on the context, such as labor law, civil law, or legal standing to sue.
General Requisites for Entitlement (Legal Context)
- Legal Standing (Locus Standi): To be entitled to sue or seek relief, a person must have a personal, direct stake in the outcome, having sustained or being in imminent danger of sustaining a direct injury.
- Valid Claim or Right: The person must show they are about to be denied a specific right or privilege to which they are lawfully entitled.
Specific Examples of Entitlement Requisites
- Labor Benefits (Non-diminution): To be entitled to a benefit that cannot be reduced by an employer, it must be founded on policy, ripened into a long-term practice, be consistent/deliberate, and not be due to an error in law.
- Rest Day/Holiday Pay: An employee is entitled to additional compensation for work on a Sunday only if it is their established rest day.
- Government Program (e.g., NHA Grant): Entitlement to land titles requires complying with contractual conditions, such as full payment of installments and personal use of the land.
- Naturalization (Philippine Citizenship): Entitlement to reduced residency requirements (5 years instead of 10) requires specific qualifications, such as holding office, establishing a new industry, or marrying a Filipino citizen.
- Valid Waiver: Entitlement to a right is waived only if the person possesses the right, has the capacity to dispose of it, and the waiver is clear, unequivocal, and not contrary to law or public policy.
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